RENAL DISORDERS 1 INVESTIGATIONS IN RENAL DISEASE The Urin l GENERAL CHARACTERS - A, Volume - vanes with amount of

syringponyeilä Typs l With obstruction of foramen magnum and dilatation öf ceniral canal • (a) With type l Chiari maformation. (b) With other obstructiva Iesions of foramen magnum Typs II: Without obetruction of foramen magnum (idiopathic) Type lll with associated dsease of spinal cord -Tumours, arachnoiditis, traumatic myeloparhy Type IV Pur hydromyelia with or with out hydrocephalus Bladder involvement is late in syringomylia because lesion is lateral. Neuropalhibs Demyelinating neuropathy 1 Acute SBS2 Chronic (a) Heraditary Heredtary motor and sensory neuropathy lype l and III Refsum's syndrome Mliochromatic leucodystrophy Cockayne's syndroma (b) Paraproteinemia Myeloma Waldenstorm's macroglobulinemia (c) Drugs Amidarona (d) Chronic Inflammatory demvelinating neuropathy Autonomic neunopathy - 1 Diabetes mellitus 2 Uremia 3 Guillain-Barre syndrame 4. Alcoholic liver disease. 5. Amyloidosis 6 ldiopathic Congenital: Riley-Day syndrome. Acquired Shy-Drager syndrome 7 RENAL DISORDERS 1 INVESTIGATIONS IN RENAL DISEASE The Urin l GENERAL CHARACTERS - A, Volume - vanes with amount of fluids Ingested. perspiralion, etc Normal auerage for adout 1,200-1,500 ml (40-50 oz )Polyurla-A. Tranients potyuria -(1) Induced or therapeutic- (a) Ingestion öf large amounts of fluids (b) Alcoho ,tea,.coffeeracidifying salts like citrares ar tartrates, spices, large amounts of sugar (c) Diuretics (d) High protein det (2) Spontaneous (a) Due to nervousness or after a nervous attack, e g examinaton, neurasthenfa after an attack of epilepsy^ migraine, asrhma, angina
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